What are the connections between Technology, Mathematics and Science?

Technology, science, mathematics, and engineering are closely interconnected. Science, which deals with. . . understanding the natural world, is the underpinning of technology. Science is concerned with what is in the natural world, while technology deals with what can be invented, innovated, or designed from the natural world. Rodger Bybee, President of Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS), explains:

The lack of technological literacy is compounded by one prevalent misconception. When asked to define technology, most individuals reply with the archaic, and mostly erroneous, idea that technology is applied science. Although this definition of technology has a long standing in this country, it is well past time to establish a new understanding about technology . . . it is in the interest of science, science education, and society to help students and all citizens develop a greater understanding and appreciation for some of the fundamental concepts and processes of technology and engineering.

Mathematics is the science of patterns and relationships. It provides an exact language for technology, science, and engineering. Developments in technology, such as the computer, stimulate mathematics, just as developments in mathematics often enhance innovations in technology. One example of this is mathematical modeling that can assist technological design by simulating how a proposed system may operate.

Engineering is the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize economically the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind. There are strong philosophical connections between the disciplines of technology and engineering. The engineering profession has begun to work with technology teachers to develop alliances for infusing engineering concepts into K-12 education. The alliances will provide a mechanism for greater appreciation and understanding of engineering and technology. The National Academy of Engineering is an avid supporter of technological literacy.